Pre- Construction Stage - Structural Checklist✓

Hi There!

Myself Rishabh Jain and I am an Civil Engineer by Profession.

Today I am going to share about my preparation prior to a Site Visit and a Checklist I carry so that I don't miss out on anything.

Note that I would be sharing the checklist of what I use on your email id subscribed to Construct Designing ,So Don't forget to subscribe to Construct Designing and share with your Friends too.

So Lets Get Started

Lets Discuss on about Construction Activity

It can be defined as the Sequence of work to be followed in the Construction of a Structure

The Construction Activities are further classified into three stages *Pre Construction Stage *Construction Stage *Post Construction Stage Now Before moving any further let us understand the Role of a Civil Engineer in the initial Stages of Site Visits and Assessment.

Let me Introduce to you about Civil Engineering

Basically, It is an Engineering that deals with Design , Construction and Maintenance of Physical and Naturally Built Environment.

The stages are Divided as given below :-

Pre Construction Stage -Design

Construction Stage- Construction

Post Construction Stage- Maintenance

Projects of Civil Engineering

Civil Projects are usually classified under the umbrella of Engineering. This is due to need of Extensive Planning and Co-ordination between Variety of Engineers and Design specialist before any Construction Begins. The Below Mentioned are few of the Projects that comes under the belt of Civil Engineering. It Includes Construction of *Highways *Bridges/Tunnels/Elevated Corridors *Canals/Dams *Residential/Commercial Building *Factory structure *Airports and It's Runways *Railways/Metros/Mono rail *Sewage system *Nuclear plants/Hydel Plants *Ports *City /Defence Infrastructure *Hospitals/Hotels etc. All this above mentioned projects goes through an mentioned Construction Activities for smooth functioning of the project. Pre-Construction Stage for all the project remains almost same.

Pre-Construction Stage Pre Construction activities are preliminary planning and Engineering Activities that are to be followed before Construction Job begins. This Initial phase of Project Serves the Entire Scope and Scheduling of Project.  Pre Construction Stage is Categorized as A.) Design Stage B.) Tender and Contract Award Stage Design Stage This Stage is a brief of Integrated Services of Architectural mentioned by Nidhi Nagda

( https://constructdesigning.wixsite.com/code/post/how-do-i-prepare-for-my-first-site-visit-checklist ) , Engineering and Services Design. The cost plan , Overall program and Outline specification are developed and  planned  for the project.

It involves *Land Acquisition *Planning and Scheduling *Scope of Project *Cost Estimation

Land Acquisition It is a process of buying a Piece of land for the construction activity. The client should undertake thorough research to identify any potential risks or problems. The cost of the land should also kept in mind regarding it's Scope before purchasing . Land Acquisition method Includes: *Land Survey *Feasibility Study *Legality  *Environment site Assessment *Geo Technical Investigation Land survey

It is a process of determining distance and angles between points on land. It can be processed using Traditional instruments and Digital Technology such as Total Stations and Theodolites. This Collected data can then be manipulated by Software such as CAD, BIM, GIS. There are various Techniques that can be adopted for survey such as Triangulation ,Trilateration,Traverse,Leveling, Radiation , etc. which I will take up in detail in my upcoming Blogs.Stay Tuned.

Feasibility Studies Feasibility study is the preliminary studies undertaken in very early stage of project which help us determine the usability of the site and identify any potential issues that may be encountered. It serves the purpose regarding whether the *Project is Viable *Help identify Feasible options The assessment carried out will help the client to decide whether or not to proceed to next stage. Legality A legal professional should be appointed to oversee land Acquisition process. A lawyer specializing in land Transaction will be able to ascertain issues relating to permissions, boundaries, etc. They will be also responsible for checking the title of land and that the legal documentation relating to site is accurate and Correct. Environment Site Assessment The purpose of this study ensures that the Environment effects of a proposed development are properly considered. An EIA study will help the planning authorities as Well as Client with Better information about the type of Project enabling them to make more informed Decisions. Geo-Technical Investigation

The soil Testing is also the first and most important step before Construction activity is Carried on. This investigation is most important as on the basis of the Test results derived from soil sample the Structural Designer designs the proposed Building or any form of Structures.

This investigation gives us an insight of -:

Note ,That i would be taking all the below topics in details in my Upcoming Blogs.Stay Tuned

Bearing Capacity of soil It determines the design of proposed Structure of soil. Rate of Settlement It determines the settlement rate of structure on soil and to know the depth of the foundation for structure to select suitable construction Technique. Water Table of soil It helps us determine the Safety of structure as it affects the foundation of structure. Chemical & Mineral Content of Soil This investigation helps us determine the selection of Material to be used in Construction. For ex. If soil sample has higher content of sulfur then sulfur resistance Cement is to be used during construction. There are Various types of Soil Testing Technique carried on for construction which will be discussed in upcoming blogs.

Planning & Scheduling

It is an important part of Construction Management. Planning and Scheduling of construction activities helps Engineers to complete the project in Time and Within the Budget. It also includes the Management of Resources such as Man Power, Material and Machinery. *It helps to minimize the cost by Optimum Utilization of available resources *It reduces irrational approaches , duplication of works. * It also includes Preparation of BOQ and Procurement process *It includes selection of Consultants and Contractor's required to carry out the construction activities. There are many factors which are to be considered before Construction activities take place. The Local municipal authorities set certain guidelines which needs to be followed .The guidelines to name a few are (Site layout,set back, Building height restriction, Land use, FSI, etc.) . A detailed description we will get to study in Architectural sector which Nidhi Nagda will take up in her Upcoming Blog.Stay Tuned.

Scope of Project (SOP)

A project scope is written statement that describes the work needed in a construction project. It is designed in a such an aspect that informs the project team what needs to be completed. A project scope is created during the first step of planning a project and sets the tone for the remainder of project planning. It is prepared by the client or the consultant and is thereby included in Tender Document. The nature of SOP can vary significantly from project to project. It provides complete description of the project, Milestones, reports, pricing, deliverable and end products to be provided. It is essential to freeze the scope of work at initial phase and at later stages no changes to be made . Because any changes made in the scope will lead to disputes . That's the reason most forms of contract make provision for contract administrator to instruct reasonable variation which may give rise to additions or deductions from contract sum, however these variations must not change the nature of work.

Cost Estimation

One of the most crucial components of the construction process, construction Cost Estimating is the process of forecasting the expense of building a physical structure. Cost estimates are executed for many different types of construction projects, from building new structures to remodeling efforts. In order to determine a project’s scope and feasibility, project owners typically use cost estimates to allocate their budget. Estimates are generally prepared with the input of both architects and engineers in order to ensure that a project is in accordance with both scope requirements and budget allotment.

There are several components that a cost estimate will rely upon:

• The quality of the project plan

• The level to which the estimator defines a project

• The experience and skill of the estimator

• The quality of the tools and procedures the estimator utilizes

Types of Construction Cost Estimate system There are five types of Cost Estimate system: *Order of Magnitude Estimate *Schematic Design Estimate *Design Development Estimate *Construction Document Estimate *Bid Estimate

What goes in to making a Project Monetary wise

1. Capital Cost

2. Contingencies

3. Equipment Cost

4. Escalation

5. Indirect Cost

6. Labor Hour

7. Labor Rate

8. Material Prices

9. Operation and Maintenance Cost

10. Profits

11. Quantity Take off

Subcontractor Quotes Variance. Tender and Contract Stage

In this stage the Tender Documents and Contract documents also known as work Agreement are prepared to initiate the work. So, there is no discrepancy arises which affects the work on site . The preparation of this documents are to be done by skilled professional as any error could lead to major disputes. It includes *Short listing of Vendors for Various work *Issue of Tender Document for shortlisting vendor *Conducting pre - bid meeting with consultant on queries raised by vendor *Collecting filled Tender documents and Making competitive structures *Attending Negotiate meeting and give guidance on selection of Correct Vendor.

That's about it.Hope you Liked the content and do share this with your Friends .

By the Way

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Thank you .

I sum up my this Topic Here and look forward to meet you guys soon with another Topic of your Interest.

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Regards ,

CoDe

ConstructDesigning

22April,2020

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References

https://groundensgineering.blogspot.com/2016/08/importance-of-soil-investigation-in.html?m=1 https://proest.com/pre-construction-planning-stages/ https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/ https://theconstructor.org/construction/cost-estimation-of-construction-projects/7122/ https://proest.com/what-is-construction-estimating/ https://www-kjasons-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/www.kjasons.com/newsroom/109-residential/369-howtoconstruct.amp.html?amp_js_v=a3&amp_gsa=1&usqp=mq331AQFKAGwASA%3D#aoh=15873752500721&amp_ct=1587375252167&csi=1&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kjasons.com%2Fnewsroom%2F109-residential%2F369-howtoconstruct.html